Trajectories of parental burnout in the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic

Objectives: The main objective of the study was to identify developmental trajectories of parental burnout during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The study was designed to assess whether changes in parental burnout were related to levels of perfectionism, sense of parental identity, and COVID‐related stress. Background: Parental burnout is a consequence of chronic stress associated with the role of a parent. However, little is still known about how parental burnout changes over time and which factors are responsible for it. Method: Parents (N = 376;67% women) aged 19 to 30 years (M = 26.85 years, SD = 2.52) participated in all three waves of a longitudinal study spanning 12 months. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to determine parental burnout change trajectories. The R3STEP procedure was used to analyze the relationship between developmental trajectories identified and the other variables studied. Results: Three different trajectories of parental burnout were identified: high and stable (7%), low and stable (63%), and average and increasing (30%). Trajectories were associated with perfectionistic concerns, a sense of parental identity, and COVID‐related stress. Conclusion: The results revealed that most parents did not experience changes in parental burnout during the first year of the pandemic. However, up to one third of parents may have experienced a significant increase in symptoms during the study period. Implications: The findings from this study may be applicable to planning support programs for emerging adult parents at risk of burnout. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Family Relations is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF MENTAL MALADAPTATION IN MEDICAL WORKERS DURING THE PANDEMIC OF A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19

The aim of the study is to analyze the modern foreign and domestic scientific literature devoted to the influence of pro-duction factors on the formation of mental maladaptation in medical workers, as well as possible methods of its prevention and curing. Materials and research methods. Scientific studies of negative psychological reactions and manifestations of mental disorders in medical workers of various profiles in the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. The search protocol included the use of various databases, including PubMed;Russian information and analytical portal in science, technology, medicine, and education — eLIBRARY.ru;open-access statistical reporting data;and official websites of scientific journals on the subjects under study. Study results and their analysis. The results of the study showed that most medical professionals experienced stress caused by organizational factors such as a lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), fears of not being able to receive quality medical care if they were sent to work elsewhere, fears of rapidly changing context, lack of access to current information and communication, lack of special medications, shortage of ventilators and beds in intensive care units In the conditions of regular health care work, most of the professionals noted tension in the process of performing professional duties, exceeding their physical and mental capacities, which was one of the main reasons for anxiety, nervousness or stress at work. © Burnasyan FMBC FMBA.

Health-Creating Higher Education Environment in Preparing Qualified Personnel

The transition to the E-learning format due to the current international epidemiological situation is stressful to all participants of the educational process that has a negative impact on their physical and mental health. This fact is the reason why purposeful formation of a health-creating university educational environment, which includes not only health resource saving, but health resource creating, is crucial. This approach makes it possible to avoid high resource consumption (leading to unavoidable depletion of body resources) which is associated with the risk of social and psychological maladaptation of educational process participants. This paper presents the results of the study including full-time and part-time students' perception of their E-learning experience during the pandemic. The research shows that students whose adaptation to the changing environment (transition to E-learning) was difficult demonstrate the following signs of social and psychological maladaptation: the feeling of social isolation, the educational satisfaction level reduction, the difficulties of self-organization, the health level reduction. It was revealed that the part-time educational environment requires more adaptation resources to cope with the situation of its transformation. The data obtained can be used in creating and managing the pedagogical and psychological support of the educational process of E-learning aimed at the prevention of social and psychological maladaptation. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Trajectories of parental burnout in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives: The main objective of the study was to identify developmental trajectories of parental burnout during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was designed to assess whether changes in parental burnout were related to levels of perfectionism, sense of parental identity, and COVID-related stress. Background: Parental burnout is a consequence of chronic stress associated with the role of a parent. However, little is still known about how parental burnout changes over time and which factors are responsible for it. Method: Parents (N = 376;67% women) aged 19 to 30 years (M = 26.85 years, SD = 2.52) participated in all three waves of a longitudinal study spanning 12 months. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to determine parental burnout change trajectories. The R3STEP procedure was used to analyze the relationship between developmental trajectories identified and the other variables studied. Results: Three different trajectories of parental burnout were identified: high and stable (7%), low and stable (63%), and average and increasing (30%). Trajectories were associated with perfectionistic concerns, a sense of parental identity, and COVID-related stress. Conclusion: The results revealed that most parents did not experience changes in parental burnout during the first year of the pandemic. However, up to one third of parents may have experienced a significant increase in symptoms during the study period.ImplicationsThe findings from this study may be applicable to planning support programs for emerging adult parents at risk of burnout.

OCCUPATIONAL RISK FACTORS AND CONSEQUENCES OF MENTAL DISADAPTATION IN MEDICAL SPECIALISTS AND RESCUERS IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS: CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of the study is to analyze modern domestic and foreign publications, devoted to the study of factors of professional risk and consequences of mental disadaptation in rescuers and medical workers in emergency situations. Materials and research methods. The publications' analysis was performed using the PubMed database, electronic scientific library eLIBRARY.RU, open access statistical reporting data, as well as official websites of relevant scientific journals. Combinations of specific terms related to emergency services, post-traumatic stress disorder, mental maladaptation and professional risk factors of extreme professions, including medical ones, were used. Results of the study and their analysis. While performing their service duties, rescuers and medical workers, acting in conditions of emergency with numerous human and material losses, being exposed to the threat to their own life, health or psycho-emotional condition, face a variety of critical incidents. As the number of lived traumatic situations and events increases, individuals involved in rescue operations are at higher risk of developing the pathology known as post-traumatic stress disorder. Throughout the relevant scientific literature, there is a consensus that health care workers in emergencies are at increased risk for high-level stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, addiction, and PTSD, which can have long-term psychological consequences. The specialists developed and implemented new methods and approaches to support medical specialists participating in the liquidation of medical and sanitary consequences of emergencies;substantiated the need for normative legal regulation of psychophysiological examination of personnel during periodic medical examinations, which will allow to maintain "health of the healthy". © Burnasyan FMBC FMBA.

Integrating Adaptation to Climate Change into Sustainable Development Policy and Planning

Adaptation to climate change and sustainable development have become core elements of international, European, and national policies and strategies. At worst, adaptation to climate change can trigger negative responses—maladaptation—in terms of raising greenhouse-gas emissions and exacerbating the vulnerability of specific groups of people, which both run counter to sustainable development principles. Thus, the integration of sustainable climate change adaptation objectives into a sustainable development framework can pave the way for planning scenarios, in which resilience intertwines with sustainability. Studies concerning this issue are quite lacking, and methods useful for assessing the relationship ‘adaptation-sustainable development’ are scarcely investigated. In this study, we focus on environmental sustainability and aim at proposing and applying a method for assessing the coherence between climate change adaptation objectives and sustainable development objectives (i.e., national strategic goals) included in the Italian National Adaptation Plan to Climate Change and, respectively, in the National Sustainable Development Strategy. We found that most adaptation objectives appear to be unrelated with national strategic goals, while none of them clearly hinder environmental sustainability, that is, the adaptation objectives are not inclined to promote maladaptation. There is still plenty of room to work on sustainable adaptation objectives to be consistent with sustainable development ones.

Diabetes self-management during the COVID-19 pandemic and its associations with COVID-19 anxiety syndrome, depression and health anxiety.

INTRODUCTION: The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health have been profound. Mental health and diabetes self-care are inter-related. We examined whether COVID-19 anxiety, depressive symptoms and health anxiety were associated with domains of diabetes self-management and investigated whether greater COVID-19 anxiety syndrome would independently contribute to suboptimal diabetes self-care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Surveys were sent to people attending diabetes clinics of three London hospitals. Participants completed the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), the COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19 ASS), which measures perseveration and avoidant maladaptive coping behaviour, assessed with measures of co-existent depressive symptoms and anxiety, controlling for age, gender and social deprivation. Clinical data, including pre- and post-lockdown HbA1c measures, were obtained from hospital records for 369 respondents, a response rate of 12.8%. RESULTS: Depressive symptom scores were high. Both pre-existing health anxiety and depressive symptoms were independently linked to improvable measures of diabetes care, as was lower socio-economic rank. However, avoidant COVID-19 anxiety responses were independently associated with higher diabetes self-care scores. HbA1c levels improved modestly over the year of UK lockdown in this cohort. CONCLUSION: During the height of lockdown, avoidant coping behaviours characteristic of the COVID-19 anxiety syndrome may in fact work to improve diabetes self-care, at least in the short term. We recommend screening for depressive symptoms and being aware of the significant minority of people with COVID-19 anxiety syndrome who may now find it difficult to re-engage with face-to-face clinic opportunities.

INTENSITY OF INFORMATION EXPOSURE AS A PSYCHO-TRAUMATIC FACTOR IN A VIRAL THREAT SITUATIONS

A review of research into psychological impact of the viral threat COVID-19 is presented. It is proposed that a pandemic should be seen as a traumatic stressor. A comparison of different types of "invisible" threats is given: the threat of radiation contamination, the threat of terrorist acts to indirect victims and the viral threat. The main distinguishing features of the viral threat are the multifactorial nature of the impact, the totality of dissemination and the control/prevention of contamination. The key role of the media in shaping psychopathological signs in populations in epidemic situations is identified. Studies examining the psychological consequences of experiencing a viral threat (anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, somatization, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders) during a pandemic are reviewed. A comparative analysis of the severity of psychopathological symptoms in different population groups during and before the pandemic was performed.

SARS-CoV-2 virulence evolution: Avirulence theory, immunity and trade-offs.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a resurgence of the debate on whether host-parasite interactions should evolve towards avirulence. In this review, we first show that SARS-CoV-2 virulence is evolving, before explaining why some expect the mortality caused by the epidemic to converge towards that of human seasonal alphacoronaviruses. Leaning on existing theory, we then include viral evolution into the picture and discuss hypotheses explaining why the virulence has increased since the beginning of the pandemic. Finally, we mention some potential scenarios for the future.

Protected areas as a space for pandemic disease adaptation: A case of COVID-19 in Hong Kong.

As COVID-19 has swept across the world, governments have been prompted to order social distancing measures, from the closure of schools, restaurants and public facilities to quarantines and lockdowns. Access to and contact with nature have been suggested to help combat impacts associated with isolation measures, and a coincidental surge in the number of visitors to country parks in Hong Kong has recently been observed. The current study sought to explore the visitation of country parks as an adaptation to COVID-19 by employing the socio-psychological model of precautionary adaptation (SPMPA). Questionnaire surveys were administered in 12 country parks in Hong Kong, and a total of 600 samples were collected. A conceptual model based on the SPMPA was proposed and tested through multiple regression analysis. Significant associations between perceived severity, threat experience and adaptative behaviour were found, suggesting the possible risks of visiting country parks. However, the relationships among perceived adaptation efficacy, adaptation cost and reliance on public adaptation implied that the adaptative benefits of visiting country parks may outweigh the risks when proper visitor management measures are implemented. The findings highlighted the importance of providing accessible protected areas or other types of nature-based spaces to facilitate the adaptation of people to disease outbreaks in both the short and long run.

A rapid assessment framework for food system shocks: Lessons learned from COVID-19 in the Indo-Pacific region.

The frequency and severity of shocks to food systems is accelerating globally, exemplified by the current COVID-19 outbreak. In low- and middle-income countries, the impacts have exacerbated existing food system vulnerabilities and poverty. Governments and donors must respond quickly, but few tools are available that identify interventions to build food system resilience, or emerging opportunities for transformation. In this paper we reflect on the application of a systems-based rapid assessment which we applied across 11 Indo-Pacific countries in May-July 2020. Our approach was shaped by three design parameters: the integration of key informants' perspectives engaged remotely within the countries, applicability to diverse food systems and COVID-19 experiences across the region, and the consideration of food systems as complex systems. For the rapid assessment we adopted an analytical framework proposed by Allen and Prosperi (2016). To include a development lens, we added the analysis of vulnerable groups and their exposure, impacts, recovery potential and resilience, and pro-poor interventions. We concluded that the framework and approach facilitated integration and triangulation of disparate knowledge types and data to identify priority interventions and was sufficiently flexible to be applied across food systems, at both national, sub-national and commodity scales. The step-wise method was simple and enabled structured inquiry and reporting. Although the systems concepts appeared more easily transferrable to key informants in some countries than others, potentially transformational interventions were identified, and also some risks of maladaptation. We present a refined framework that emphasises analysis of political, economic and institutional drivers of exposure and vulnerability, the constraints that they pose for building recovery potential and resilience, and trade-offs amongst winners and losers inherent in proposed interventions.